[CAS NO. 392-12-1] Indole-3-pyruvic acid
PRODUCTS SPECIFICATIONS [392-12-1]
DESCRIPTION [392-12-1]
Overview
| MDL | MFCD00005640 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 203.19 |
| Molecular Formula | C11H9NO3 |
| SMILES | O=C(O)C(CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12)=O |
Summary
IC50 & Target
|
Microbial Metabolite |
In Vitro
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (50 and 250 μM, 24 h) activates AHR in HepG2 cells
[1]
.
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (50 μM, 4 days) does not inhibit Th1 cell differentiation but promotes Tr1 differentiation
[1]
.
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (1 mM, 24 h) reduces UVB-induced cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells
[1]
.
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (25 mM, 6 h) reduces the levels of COX-2 in HaCaT cells
[2]
.
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
RT-PCR [2]
| Cell Line: | HaCaT cells |
| Concentration: | 5-25 mM |
| Incubation Time: | 6 h |
| Result: | Inhibited UVB-stimulated mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2). |
In Vivo
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (oral administration, fed in MF chow (0.1%) for 5 d) activates AHR in BALB/c mice
[1]
.
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (oral administration, fed in MF chow (0.1%) for 5 wk) abrogates chronic inflammation in a T cell-mediated colitis model
[1]
.
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (100 μM, dose at skin) protects against UVB-induced skin damage in HR-1 hairless mice
[2]
.
Indole-3-pyruvic acid (intraperitoneal injection, 100-200 mg/kg) increases the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze in mice
[3]
.
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| Animal Model: | BALB/c mice [1] |
| Dosage: | Fed in MF chow.0.1% for 5 d |
| Administration: | Oral administration |
| Result: | Up-regulated the expression of Cyp1a1 (a biomarker for AHR activation) in the colon. |
| Animal Model: | T cell–mediated colitis model of SCID mice [1] |
| Dosage: | Fed in MF chow.0.1% for 5 wk |
| Administration: | Oral administration |
| Result: |
Suppressed diarrhea and improved colon inflammation.
Down-regulated the expression of Th1 and proinflammatory cytokines and upregulated the expression of IL-10 in the colon. |
| Animal Model: | HR-1 Hairless Mice [2] |
| Dosage: | 100 μM |
| Administration: | Dose at skin |
| Result: |
Enhanced the epidermal thickness.
Attenuated UVB-induced necrosis observed in upper layer of dermis. |
Appearance
Solid
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 250 mg/mL ( 1230.38 mM ; Need ultrasonic)
H 2 O : 20 mg/mL ( 98.43 mM ; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 12 with NaOH)
Stock Solutions
| Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|
| 1 mM | 4.9215 mL | 24.6075 mL | 49.2150 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.9843 mL | 4.9215 mL | 9.8430 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4922 mL | 2.4608 mL | 4.9215 mL |
-
1.
-
2.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO >> 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.24 mM); Clear solution
References
- [1] Reiji Aoki, et al. Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid, an Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activator, Suppresses Experimental Colitis in Mice. J Immunol. 2018 Dec 15;201(12):3683-3693.
- [2] Reiji Aoki, et al. Protective effect of indole-3-pyruvate against ultraviolet b-induced damage to cultured HaCaT keratinocytes and the skin of hairless mice. PLoS One. 2014 May 8;9(5):e96804.
- [3] I P Lapin, et al. Anxiolytic effect of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) in mice. Pharmacol Res. 1993 Sep;28(2):129-34.
Synonyms
