[CAS NO. 6537-80-0] Chicoric acid
PRODUCTS SPECIFICATIONS [6537-80-0]
DESCRIPTION [6537-80-0]
Overview
| MDL | MFCD00189418 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 474.37 |
| Molecular Formula | C22H18O12 |
| SMILES | O=C(O)[C@H](OC(/C=C/C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1)=O)[C@@H](OC(/C=C/C2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2)=O)C(O)=O |
Summary
Chicoric acid (Cichoric acid), an orally active dicaffeyltartaric acid, induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Chicoric acid inhibits cell viability and induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Chicoric acid increases glucose uptake, improves insulin resistance, and attenuates glucosamine-induced inflammation. Chicoric acid has antidiabetic properties and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects [1] [2] [3] .
In Vitro
Chicoric acid (Cichoric acid; 10-200 μM; for 24, 48, and 72 h) causes a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability
[1]
.
Chicoric acid (100 μM; 48 h) induces apoptosis through caspase-3-dependent pathway
[1]
.
Chicoric acid (100 μM; 48 h) decreases the protein level of p-Akt
[1]
.
Chicoric acid (25, 50, 100 µM; for 24 hours) dramatically improves glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner, and Chicoric acid further enhances insulin-induced (100 nM; 30 min) glucose uptake by 57.7% in HepG2 cells
[2]
.
Chicoric acid (100 µM; for 24 hours) restores glucosamine-induced impairment of GLUT2 translocation through activating PI3K/Akt pathway in HepG2 cells
[2]
.
Chicoric acid (100 µM) has no effects on HepG2 cell viability
[2]
.
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Viability Assay [1]
| Cell Line: | 3T3-L1 preadipocytes |
| Concentration: | 10-200 μM |
| Incubation Time: | 24, 48, and 72 hours |
| Result: | Had no effect on the viability of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with 10-50 μM for 24 h, but significantly decreased cell viability with 100 μM and 200 μM. |
Apoptosis Analysis [1]
| Cell Line: | 3T3-L1 preadipocytes |
| Concentration: | 100 μM |
| Incubation Time: | 48 hours |
| Result: | Demonstrated typical characteristics of apoptosis such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and the increased permeability of cell membranes after DAPI and AO/EB staining. |
Western Blot Analysis [1]
| Cell Line: | 3T3-L1 preadipocytes |
| Concentration: | 100 μM |
| Incubation Time: | 48 hours |
| Result: |
Decreased the protein level of p-Akt in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
The protein level of total Akt was not affected |
In Vivo
Chicoric acid (Cichoric acid; 60 mg/kg/day; drinking water for 4 weeks) inhibits pancreas apoptosis and adjusts islet function in diabetic mice, leading to an increase in insulin generation and secretion in C57BL/6J mice with Streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg; ip; for consecutive 5 days)
[3]
.
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| Animal Model: | C57BL/6J mice with STZ (50 mg/kg; ip; for consecutive 5 days) [3] |
| Dosage: | 60 mg/kg |
| Administration: | Drinking water; daily; for 4 weeks |
| Result: |
Inhibited pancreas apoptosis and adjusted islet function in diabetic mice, leading to an increase in insulin generation and secretion.
Regulated mitochondrial biogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and inhibited inflammation via activating antioxidant responses. Showed a remarkable increase in body weight starting at week 7. |
Appearance
Solid
Source
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
| Powder | -20°C | 3 years |
|---|---|---|
| 4°C | 2 years | |
| In solvent | -80°C | 6 months |
| -20°C | 1 month |
Solvent & Solubility
H 2 O : 100 mg/mL ( 210.81 mM ; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 1 mg/mL ( 2.11 mM ; Need ultrasonic)
Stock Solutions
| Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|
| 1 mM | 2.1081 mL | 10.5403 mL | 21.0806 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4216 mL | 2.1081 mL | 4.2161 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2108 mL | 1.0540 mL | 2.1081 mL |
-
1.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 50 mg/mL (105.40 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
References
- [1] Haifang Xiao, et al. Chicoric acid induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Feb 20;61(7):1509-20.
- [2] Di Zhu, et al. Cichoric Acid Reverses Insulin Resistance and Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in the Glucosamine-Induced HepG2 Cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2015 Dec 30;63(51):10903-13.
- [3] Di Zhu, et al. Cichoric acid improved hyperglycaemia and restored muscle injury via activating antioxidant response in MLD-STZ-induced diabetic mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017 Sep;107(Pt A):138-149.
Synonyms
