[CAS NO. 130641-38-2]  Bindarit (AF 2838)

Bindarit treatment causes a dose-dependent inhibition of the capacity of human monocytes to produce monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in response to bacterial LPS or C. albicans with IC50 of 172 µM and 403 µM, respectively. The inhibition of LP-induced MCP-1 production by Bindarit is associated with reduced levels of MCP-1 mRNA transcripts with IC50 of 75 µM. Bindarit inhibits the production of MCP-1 by LPS-stimulated MM6 cells with IC50 of 425 μM, without affecting the release of IL-8 or IL-6. Bindarit treatment inhibits the release of MCP-1 from IL-1 stimulated osteoblast cell line Saos-2. Bindarit, even at the maximal concentration, does not exhibit a direct in vitro cytotoxic effect on human IIB-MEL-J melanoma or ECs, although it inhibits MCP-1 expression. Bindarit (10-300 μM) reduces rat vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, migration, and invasion. Bindarit induces the downregulation of the classical NF-κB pathway. Bindarit displays a specific inhibitory effect on the p65 and p65/p50 induced MCP-1 promoter activation, with no effect on other tested activated promoters, indicating that Bindarit acts on a specific subpopulation of NF-κB isoforms and selects its targets within the whole NF-κB inflammatory pathway. Bindarit modulates cancer-cell proliferation and migration, mainly through negative regulation of TGF-β and AKT signaling.