[CAS NO. 18956-16-6]  Cardamonin

Cardamonin selectively blocks TRPA1 activation while does not interact with TRPV1 nor TRPV4 channel. A concentration-dependent inhibitory effect is observed with IC50 of 454 nM. Cardamonin does not significantly reduce HEK293 cell viability, nor does it impair cardiomyocyte constriction. In vitro, cardamonin (25 and 50 μM) concentration dependently inhibits endothelium permeability and down-regulates phosphorylation of P38 in rat lung microvascular endothelial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, cardamonin also shows selective inhibition of P38 phosphorylation induced by LPS. Cardamonin inhibits the growth of several cancer cell types including breast cancer, glioblastoma, ovarian, prostate, and lung. Treatment of cardamonin in CRC cell lines induces cell cycle arrest mostly in the S phase of cell cycle. It activates both apoptosis and induces cell cycle arrest to inhibit the cell proliferation. Cardamonin is known to inhibit various signaling pathways which play a major role in the process of inflammation and cancer. This natural product inhibits the phosphorylation and translocation of both STAT3 and NF-κB. Cardamonin also inhibits angiogenesis through downregulation of miR-21 expression.