THZ531 treatment leads to a dramatic and irreversible decrease in Jurkat cell proliferation with an IC50 of 50 nM. THZ531 induces apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner with low doses (<350 nM) leading to slow onset of apoptosis over several cell doublings, while doses exceeding 350 nM induce rapid apoptosis which may result from a combination of on- and off- target effects. THZ531 reduces Pol II CTD Ser2 phosphorylation (pSer2) in a concentration-dependent manner.