AdipoRon increases AMPK activation, PGC-1α expression and mitochondrial biogenesis by binding to both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in C2C12 myotubes.
In vivo
In skeletal muscle and liver of wild-type mice AdipoRon (50 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly induces phosphorylation of AMPK via AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. In WT mice, AdipoRon (50 mg/kg, p.o.) improves insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and dyslipidaemia by activating AdipoR1–AMPK–PGC-1α pathways in skeletal muscle, while by activating AdipoR2–PPAR-α pathways in the liver. Moreover, AdipoRon ameliorates diabetes of genetically obese rodent model db/db mice, and prolongs the shortened lifespan of db/db mice on a high-fat diet.
