In L6 myotubes, ZLN005 increases expression of the PGC-1α gene and downstream genes by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, and improves glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation without obvious cytotoxicity. While ZLN005 does not has the same effects in rat primary hepatocytes, which suggests cell type–specificity.
In vivo
ZLN005 (15 mg/kg, p.o.) produces antihyperglycemia and antihyperlipidemia effects and increases insulin sensitivity in db/db mice but not lean mice.