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[CAS NO. 134678-17-4] Lamivudine

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Catalog:	HY-B0250
Brand:	MCE
CAS:	134678-17-4

Overview

MDL	MFCD00869739
Molecular Weight	229.26
Molecular Formula	C8H11N3O3S
SMILES	OC[C@H]1SC[C@@H](N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)O1

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

6 Publications Citing Use of MCE

[1]Biomedicines. 2022, 10(2), 268.
[2]Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2019 Dec;54(6):814-819.
[3]J Cell Mol Med. 2021 Aug 10.
[4]Phytother Res. 2021 Jun 19.
[5]Molecules. 2022 May 18;27(10):3223.
[6]Virus Res. 2019 Oct 2;271:197677.

Summary

Lamivudine (BCH-189) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Lamivudine can inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase 1/2 and also the reverse transcriptase of hepatitis B virus . Lamivudine salicylate can penetrate the CNS ^[1] ^[2] .

In Vitro

Lamivudine (1 μM) is potent inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication, shows antiviral activity in primary duck hepatocyte (PDH) cultures derived from ducklings congenitally infected with the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) ^[1] .
Lamivudine (0-20 μM; 2, 4, 9 d) inhibits DHBV replication with 50% inhibitory concentration of 0.55 μM ^[1] .
Lamivudine, combinded with penciclovir (9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxymethyl]guanine [PCV]), (1 μM; 2, 4, 9 d) shows synergistic effect, acts potent function in reducing the normally recalcitrant viral covalently closed circular (CCC) DNA form of DHBV ^[1] .

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Lamivudine (20-500 mg/kg/d; p.o.; 15 or 45 d) causes oxidative stress and is toxic to rat liver ^[2] .
Lamivudine (50 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose) penetrates well in CNS and localizes in brain regions susceptible to HIV neurodegeneration in rat ^[3] .
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Lamivudine in HIV-infected Rats ^[3]

Parameter	C _max (μg/mL)	T _max (h)	T _1/2 (h)	AUC (h·ng/mL)
Plasma	25,846	0.25	0.68	22,172
Brain	272	0.5	1.2	967

Pharmacokinetic data measured over a 24-h period, sampling was done at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 24.0 h postdose.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Wistar female rats ^[2]
Dosage:	20-500 mg/kg/day
Administration:	Oral gavage; single or repeated dose; 15 or 45 days
Result:	Increased activities of the aminotransferases (ALT and AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and total protein concentration in serum at 500 mg/kg dose. Increased activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), GGT and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein at 20 mg/kg dose. Caused multifocal lymphocyte population and hepatocyte edema degeneration in hepatic sinusoids of chickens.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase
NCT00102206	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00002430	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT04054089	Cristina Mussini\|University of Modena and Reggio Emilia	HIV Infections	September 2019	Phase 4
NCT00798460	Inje University\|Bukwang Pharmaceutical	Chronic Hepatitis B	December 2008	Phase 4
NCT00014937	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT01732367	Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center\|Kyungpook National University Hospital\|Daegu Catholic University Medical Center\|DongGuk University\|Pusan National University Hospital\|Yeungnam University Hospital	Chronic Hepatitis B	November 2012	Phase 4
NCT00132652	Novartis\|Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Chronic Hepatitis B	February 2005	Phase 3
NCT00141284	Pfizer	HIV Infection\|Hepatitis C	October 2005	Phase 4
NCT00823550	Yonsei University\|Severance Hospital\|Kangbuk Samsung Hospital\|Konkuk University Hospital\|Chung-Ang University\|Ajou University\|Inha University Hospital\|Soonchunhyang University Hospital\|The Catholic University of Korea\|Hallym University Medical Center\|Kyungpook National University Hospital\|Keimyung University\|Korea University Anam Hospital\|Korea University\|Hanyang University\|Inje University\|Pusan National University Hospital\|Bristol-Myers Squibb	Hepatitis B, Chronic	January 2009	Phase 4
NCT02738931	ViiV Healthcare\|GlaxoSmithKline	Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus	May 2016	Phase 1
NCT00120354	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)\|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)	Hepatitis B, Chronic	July 11, 2005	Phase 4
NCT00004736	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections\|Tuberculosis		Phase 1
NCT00001080	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00002389	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00002208	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT01307488	Fundacion SEIMC-GESIDA\|Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infection	September 2011	Phase 4
NCT00986778	Bristol-Myers Squibb	Hepatitis B, Chronic	December 2009	Phase 4
NCT04900038	ViiV Healthcare\|Syneos Health	HIV Infections	August 18, 2021	Phase 2
NCT03078556	ViiV Healthcare\|GlaxoSmithKline	Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus	March 27, 2017	Phase 1
NCT00050895	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00122226	Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc\|Abbott\|Boehringer Ingelheim	HIV Infections\|HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome	January 2003	Phase 4
NCT00000916	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT02566707	Radboud University Medical Center	HIV-1 Infection	August 2015	Phase 2
NCT00116415	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections\|AIDS	March 2002	Not Applicable
NCT00005918	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections	June 2000	Phase 3
NCT00993031	University of California, San Francisco\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	Malaria\|HIV Infections	December 15, 2009	Phase 3
NCT00799864	Janssen Sciences Ireland UC	HIV-1	January 7, 2011	Phase 2
NCT00084253	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections	June 2004	Phase 4
NCT00158405	French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis\|Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections	December 2002	Phase 3
NCT00002190	Hoffmann-La Roche\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT01005238	University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland	Hepatitis, Chronic	September 2009	Phase 4
NCT00719602	International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group\|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections\|Malaria	August 2009	Early Phase 1
NCT00080522	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections	February 2005	Not Applicable
NCT00051090	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections\|Hepatitis B		Not Applicable
NCT00001108	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT00002442	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	June 1999	Phase 2
NCT00000918	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00001095	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00555334	Sun Yat-sen University	Hepatocellular Carcinoma\|Liver Cancer	November 2007	Phase 4
NCT00004855	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00000888	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections\|Pregnancy		Phase 1
NCT00380159	Alexion Pharmaceuticals	HIV-1 Infection	September 2006	Phase 2
NCT00410202	Bristol-Myers Squibb	Hepatitis B, Chronic	March 2008	Phase 3
NCT01788371	Hua Zhang\|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai\|Beijing YouAn Hospital	Hepatitis B Infection\|Chronic Infection\|Viremia	March 2009	Phase 4
NCT00004585	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	October 1999	Phase 4
NCT00000870	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT04880785	Fundacion SEIMC-GESIDA\|ViiV Healthcare	HIV Infections	July 28, 2021	Phase 2
NCT02273765	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases\|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|Ministry of Health, Brazil	HIV-1 Infection\|Tuberculosis	September 11, 2015	Phase 3
NCT00044577	ViiV Healthcare	Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus I\|HIV Infection	July 16, 2002	Phase 3
NCT00000923	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00516945	Hospital Authority, Hong Kong	Hepatitis B\|Neoplasms	September 2004	Not Applicable
NCT00002155	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT02219672	Peking Union Medical College\|Ministry of Science and Technology of the People´s Republic of China	AIDS+HIV PROBLEM	July 2014	Phase 3
NCT00337922	GlaxoSmithKline	HIV Infection	July 2006	Phase 4
NCT00005764	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections\|Lipodystrophy	May 2000	Phase 4
NCT00001066	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Bristol-Myers Squibb\|Glaxo Wellcome	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00004583	Abbott	HIV Infections	March 1999	Phase 3
NCT00120783	French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis	HIV Infections	February 2002	Phase 2
NCT01894269	Sun Yat-sen University	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	July 2013	Phase 4
NCT00350272	Alexion Pharmaceuticals	HIV Infections	May 2006	Phase 2
NCT02894554	National Taiwan University Hospital	HBsAg-positive Renal Allograft Recipients	July 2014	Phase 4
NCT00255840	CIPRA SA\|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections	July 2006	Not Applicable
NCT00095121	Gilead Sciences	Chronic Hepatitis B	June 2004	Phase 3
NCT02482272	Asan Medical Center	Hepatitis B, Chronic	May 2015	Phase 4
NCT01095835	Hoffmann-La Roche	Hepatitis B, Chronic	February 2005	Phase 3
NCT03945981	ViiV Healthcare	HIV Infections	July 2, 2019	Phase 3
NCT00002423	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	March 1999	Phase 2
NCT02369965	Frontier Biotechnologies Inc.	HIV Infections\|AIDS	February 19, 2014	Phase 3
NCT00000878	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections\|Pregnancy		Phase 1
NCT00002162	Hoffmann-La Roche\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00001084	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00001968	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome\|HIV Infections	January 2000	Phase 1
NCT00000952	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT02369406	Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH)\|Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard\|Brigham and Women´s Hospital\|University of California, San Diego	HIV\|Pediatric AIDS	May 4, 2015	Phase 2\|Phase 3
NCT04002323	University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves	HIV-1-infection	May 7, 2019
NCT00000901	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT00034086	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00158821	Gilead Sciences	HIV Infections	March 2000	Phase 3
NCT02777229	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases\|Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement\|UNITAID	HIV-1 Infection	July 2016	Phase 3
NCT01936233	Fudan University	Hepatocellular Carcinoma\|Recurrence	August 2013	Phase 3
NCT00002411	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections	March 1998	Not Applicable
NCT04549467	Fundacion IDEAA\|ViiV Healthcare	Hiv\|HIV-1-infection	November 17, 2020	Phase 4
NCT00001075	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00116116	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections\|AIDS	March 2002	Phase 4
NCT04302896	Rhonda Brand\|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|University of Pittsburgh	Medication Adherence\|HIV	August 31, 2020	Early Phase 1
NCT00076336	Novartis Pharmaceuticals\|Novartis	Hepatitis\|Hepatitis B, Chronic\|Cirrhosis	December 2003	Phase 3
NCT00034359	Alexion Pharmaceuticals\|Achillion, a wholly owned subsidiary of Alexion	Hepatitis B, Chronic	February 2002	Phase 2
NCT00041327	AIDS Malignancy Consortium\|National Cancer Institute (NCI)	Lymphoma	October 2002	Phase 2
NCT00046176	ViiV Healthcare	Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus I\|HIV Infection	August 26, 2002	Phase 3
NCT02397096	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	HIV-1 Infection	June 9, 2015	Phase 3
NCT00100646	The Wistar Institute	HIV Infections	March 2007	Not Applicable
NCT00226447	Chinese University of Hong Kong\|Hoffmann-La Roche\|GlaxoSmithKline	Chronic Hepatitis B	December 2002	Phase 2
NCT00002369	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT02159599	Fundacion SEIMC-GESIDA\|Janssen, LP	HIV Infection	July 2014	Phase 4
NCT00002183	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT00116298	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections\|AIDS	January 2001	Phase 3
NCT00100048	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	HIV Infections\|Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	January 2005	Phase 2
NCT00985647	Kirby Institute	HIV Infections	December 2009	Phase 1\|Phase 2
NCT04808973	Fundação Bahiana de Infectologia\|GlaxoSmithKline	HIV Infections\|Pregnancy Related\|Mother to Child Transmission	July 1, 2021	Phase 3
NCT00915655	Tibotec Pharmaceuticals, Ireland\|Tibotec Pharmaceutical Limited	HIV-1 Infection	July 2009	Phase 2
NCT00612898	Avexa	HIV Infections	February 2008	Phase 2\|Phase 3
NCT00005000	Agouron Pharmaceuticals\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	December 1999	Phase 4
NCT00162643	Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran\|National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico\|Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	December 2004	Phase 4
NCT02581202	AbbVie	HIV-1 Infection	December 21, 2015
NCT00002195	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00102960	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections	July 2005	Phase 3
NCT00000920	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections\|Pregnancy		Phase 1
NCT02263326	Babafemi Taiwo\|ViiV Healthcare\|Northwestern University	HIV Infection	December 2014	Phase 3
NCT02431975	Columbia University\|National Institutes of Health (NIH)\|University of Witwatersrand, South Africa\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV	August 2015	Phase 4
NCT00000940	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections	May 1999	Phase 2
NCT01546116	Korea University\|GlaxoSmithKline	Chronic Hepatitis B	February 2010	Phase 4
NCT01528865	University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center\|GlaxoSmithKline\|Gilead Sciences	Lymphoma	December 2015	Phase 1\|Phase 2
NCT00625339	Yonsei University\|Pusan National University Hospital	Hepatitis B, Chronic	February 2008	Phase 4
NCT02181933	Boehringer Ingelheim	HIV Infections	April 1999	Phase 3
NCT00537966	University of Zurich	HIV Infections	January 2002	Not Applicable
NCT00312039	Alexion Pharmaceuticals	HIV Infections	March 2006	Phase 1\|Phase 2
NCT00001083	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT05332470	Peking Union Medical College Hospital	HIV-1-infection	May 1, 2022
NCT01386970	University of Colorado, Denver\|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|University of Hawaii	HIV	May 2005	Phase 4
NCT03539224	Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz	HIV-1-infection	November 2, 2017	Phase 2
NCT04022967	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases\|Mylan Laboratories	HIV-1-infection	September 21, 2020	Phase 3
NCT00000841	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00002400	Pharmacia and Upjohn\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00124241	Novartis\|Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Hepatitis B		Phase 2
NCT00273975	Boehringer Ingelheim	HIV Infections	January 2002	Phase 2
NCT02582684	AIDS Clinical Trials Group\|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV-1 Infection	December 8, 2015	Phase 2
NCT00017719	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections\|Pregnancy	May 2002	Phase 3
NCT00000944	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections\|Pregnancy		Phase 1
NCT02337127	Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital	Chronic Hepatitis B	June 2011	Phase 4
NCT02712801	National Center for Women and Children´s Health, China CDC\|National Center for AIDS+STD Control and Prevention, China CDC\|Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Yunan Province\|Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Sichuan Province\|Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Province\|Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region\|Guangdong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital	HIV+AIDS and Infections	April 2016	Phase 4
NCT00346567	Rigshospitalet, Denmark\|University of Copenhagen	HIV Infections	June 2006	Not Applicable
NCT00006578	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00710216	University of Ulm\|Novartis	Hepatitis B, Chronic		Phase 4
NCT00002184	Gilead Sciences\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT04904406	Thomas Benfield\|Hvidovre University Hospital	Hiv\|HIV Infections\|HIV Cardiomyopathy\|Weight Change, Body\|HIV Lipodystrophy\|Cardiovascular Diseases	October 22, 2020	Phase 4
NCT00002451	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00057265	Novartis\|Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Chronic Hepatitis B	February 2003	Phase 3
NCT00000831	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT01580202	Seoul National University Hospital	Malignancy\|Hepatitis B	April 2012	Phase 3
NCT00002108	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00002371	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections	June 1996	Phase 3
NCT04585737	Charlotte-Paige Rolle, MD\|ViiV Healthcare\|Orlando Immunology Center	HIV I Infection	September 22, 2020	Phase 4
NCT01387022	Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa	Antiretroviral Treatment Outcomes	June 2011	Not Applicable
NCT00625560	Yonsei University\|Pusan National University Hospital	Hepatitis B, Chronic	February 2008	Phase 4
NCT03869944	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases\|Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France\|Centre Muraz	HIV-1	December 4, 2019	Phase 2
NCT04638686	Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz	HIV-1-infection	June 15, 2020
NCT03870438	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases\|University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia\|Centre Muraz\|Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France\|University of Bergen	HIV-1	December 14, 2019	Phase 3
NCT00131742	Novartis\|Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Chronic Hepatitis B	July 2004	Phase 3
NCT04704024	University of Alabama at Birmingham\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	Hepatitis B Infection	September 3, 2021	Phase 3
NCT05193994	Macquarie University, Australia\|King´s College London\|Stichting TRICALS Foundation	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	February 24, 2022	Phase 3
NCT00002168	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00810524	Sun Yat-sen University	Hepatitis B, Chronic	January 2007	Phase 4
NCT00256828	Clinical Trial Agency of HIV Study Group	HIV Infections	June 2004	Phase 4
NCT01743079	Beijing YouAn Hospital\|New Discovery LLC	Chronic Hepatitis B\|Late Pregnancy\|Transmission\|Complication	January 2009	Phase 4
NCT00230477	University of Washington\|Gilead Sciences\|GlaxoSmithKline	Hepatitis B	April 2003	Phase 4
NCT00830856	University of Zimbabwe\|AIDS Care Research in Africa	Cryptococcal Meningitis\|HIV Infections	October 2006	Not Applicable
NCT01318096	Yunnan AIDS Care Center	HBV Coinfection\|HIV Infections	March 2011	Not Applicable
NCT02263079	Hoffmann-La Roche	Pediatric Immuno-Tolerant Chronic Hepatitis B	June 16, 2014	Phase 3
NCT01905059	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases\|Janssen Pharmaceuticals	HIV Infection	February 2014	Phase 3
NCT00000865	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT05493969	Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	August 2022	Phase 4
NCT00002424	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00023309	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)\|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)	HBV (Hepatitis B Virus)\|Hepatitis B\|Hepatitis	August 2001	Phase 2
NCT01804387	Korea University	Chronic Hepatitis B	May 2011	Phase 4
NCT00008554	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	November 2000	Phase 3
NCT00006443	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT02560649	Ruijin Hospital	Chronic Hepatitis B	May 2015	Phase 4
NCT04707326	Erasmus Medical Center\|Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam\|MC Haaglanden, The Hague\|Catharina Ziekenhuis Eindhoven\|Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg\|Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem\|Admiraal de Ruyter Hospital, Goes\|Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem\|MST, Enschede	Hiv	November 1, 2019
NCT00455091	National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan\|National Taiwan University Hospital\|Chang Gung Memorial Hospital\|Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan\|Mackay Memorial Hospital\|Taichung Veterans General Hospital\|Changhua Christian Hospital\|National Cheng-Kung University Hospital\|Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital.\|Kaohsiung Medical University	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	May 2007
NCT00002124	Pharmacia and Upjohn\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT01353742	GlaxoSmithKline	Hepatitis B, Chronic	February 21, 2011	Phase 1
NCT02634073	ViiV Healthcare\|GlaxoSmithKline	Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus	January 1, 2016	Phase 4
NCT00158470	French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis	HIV Infection	September 2003	Phase 3
NCT03311945	David Garcia Cinca\|Fundacion Clinic per a la Recerca Biomédica\|Hospital Clinic of Barcelona	HIV Infections\|HIV-1-infection\|HIV Seropositivity	May 3, 2018	Phase 3
NCT02945163	Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center\|The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University\|Yunnan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital	HIV Infections	March 5, 2018	Phase 4
NCT00000834	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT00323544	Gilead Sciences	HIV Infections	October 2004	Phase 3
NCT00078247	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Makerere University	HIV Infections\|Tuberculosis	October 2004	Phase 3
NCT00006190	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)	HIV Infections\|Lipodystrophy	November 2000	Phase 4
NCT01720238	Beijing Friendship Hospital\|Peking University First Hospital\|Peking University People´s Hospital\|Beijing YouAn Hospital\|Beijing Tiantan Hospital\|Beijing Ditan Hospital\|Peking Union Medical College Hospital\|Beijing 302 Hospital	Liver Cirrhosis\|Hepatitis B	March 2012
NCT04696575	Roswell Park Cancer Institute	Extensive Stage Lung Small Cell Carcinoma	July 2, 2021	Phase 2
NCT00002378	Hoffmann-La Roche\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00000922	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00002436	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00002245	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	April 1999	Phase 3
NCT04731103	University of Edinburgh\|NHS Lothian\|Medical Research Council	Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome	August 24, 2022	Phase 2
NCT00127972	International Antiviral Therapy Evaluation Center\|Boehringer Ingelheim	HIV Infections	February 2004	Phase 4
NCT05030025	Mylan Inc.\|ViiV Healthcare\|Viatris Inc.	HIV-1-infection	August 1, 2021	Early Phase 1
NCT00000872	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00201318	National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan\|National Taiwan University Hospital\|Mackay Memorial Hospital\|National Cheng-Kung University Hospital\|Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan\|Chi Mei Medical Hospital	Non-Hodgkin´s Lymphoma	September 2001	Phase 2
NCT00000885	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00120796	French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis\|GlaxoSmithKline\|ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases	Hepatitis B	August 2005	Phase 3
NCT02770508	Fundación Huésped\|Ministry of Science and Technology,Argentine\|National AIDS and STD programme,Argentine\|Richmond Laboratories	HIV-1 Infection	November 2015	Phase 4
NCT03528941	Gruppo Italiano Malattie EMatologiche dell´Adulto	Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia	November 28, 2018
NCT00004578	Abbott	HIV Infections	November 1997	Phase 1\|Phase 2
NCT00011895	GlaxoSmithKline\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	February 2001	Phase 4
NCT00002416	Triangle Pharmaceuticals\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00100581	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections\|Hepatitis C		Not Applicable
NCT00002407	Weill Medical College of Cornell University\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT01627223	Taichung Veterans General Hospital\|GlaxoSmithKline	Chronic Hepatitis B	July 2012	Phase 4
NCT00380614	Maulana Azad Medical College	Hepatitis B	January 2002	Phase 4
NCT01491295	Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan\|Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital\|China Medical University Hospital\|Chi Mei Medical Hospital\|Chiayi Christian Hospital	Chronic Hepatitis B	September 2012	Phase 4
NCT02935075	Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center\|Yunnan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital\|The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University	HIV Infections	March 5, 2018	Phase 4
NCT01914744	Fudan University	Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma\|Hepatitis B Reactivation	February 2013	Phase 2
NCT00140725	GlaxoSmithKline	Chronic Hepatitis B	April 2000	Phase 3
NCT01376154	GlaxoSmithKline	Hepatitis B, Chronic	June 2006
NCT00958100	Catholic University of the Sacred Heart	HIV+AIDS\|Antiretroviral Therapy\|HIV Infections	August 2009	Phase 2
NCT02470650	Juan A. Arnaiz\|Hospital Clinic of Barcelona	Patient Compliance\|Antiretroviral Therapy Intolerance	June 2015	Phase 4
NCT00192634	Kirby Institute	HIV Infections	December 2005	Phase 4
NCT02249130	Boehringer Ingelheim	HIV Infections	March 1999	Phase 2
NCT00002241	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT02652260	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	HIV-1\|Central Nervous System	March 4, 2016	Phase 2
NCT00000919	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00004981	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00640263	French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis\|European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP)\|The Research Council of Norway\|Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)\|Université Montpellier\|University of Bergen\|ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases	HIV Infections	December 2009	Phase 3
NCT04019873	ViiV Healthcare	HIV Infections	November 18, 2019
NCT01023217	Asan Medical Center	Hepatitis B, Chronic	November 2009	Phase 4
NCT00013520	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00143728	University of British Columbia\|CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network	HIV Infections	January 2004	Phase 4
NCT00001067	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00002233	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00312091	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)\|International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group	HIV Infections	December 2006	Phase 1\|Phase 2
NCT03223402	Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen	HIV Infections	December 23, 2016	Not Applicable
NCT02831673	ViiV Healthcare\|PPD\|GlaxoSmithKline	Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus\|HIV Infections	July 21, 2016	Phase 3
NCT00002203	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT02384395	University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill\|ViiV Healthcare	HIV\|Acute HIV Infection	September 2015	Not Applicable
NCT00004852	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	September 1999	Phase 2
NCT00028327	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00074581	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|HIV Prevention Trials Network	HIV Infections	February 2005	Phase 3
NCT00354653	ViiV Healthcare	CHRONIC HEPATITIS B	February 9, 2002	Phase 4
NCT03144804	Massachusetts General Hospital	Colorectal Cancer Metastatic	October 31, 2017	Phase 2
NCT02604004	Universidade Federal de Pernambuco	HIV INFECTIONS	April 2013	Phase 1
NCT01511237	Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement\|Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections	December 2011	Phase 3
NCT00021463	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections\|Lipodystrophy		Phase 2
NCT02301650	Beijing Ditan Hospital	the Safety of Anti-viral Drugs Used in Late Pregnancy	October 2014
NCT03205566	Guy´s and St Thomas´ NHS Foundation Trust	Hiv	September 19, 2017	Phase 4
NCT00662545	University of California, San Francisco\|Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV Infections\|Hepatitis B	April 2008	Phase 4
NCT00001644	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)	HIV Infection	March 3, 1997	Phase 1
NCT00001085	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00002391	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT03333083	David Garcia Cinca\|Fundacion Clinic per a la Recerca Biomédica\|Hospital Clinic of Barcelona	HIV Seropositivity\|HIV Infections\|HIV-1-infection	May 3, 2018	Phase 3
NCT00489151	Hospital Authority, Hong Kong\|The University of Hong Kong	Hepatitis B	June 2005	Not Applicable
NCT00650637	Pfizer	Diarrhea	January 2003	Phase 3
NCT00005017	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 4
NCT00031070	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT01599364	Catholic University of the Sacred Heart	Human Immunodeficiency Virus	April 2014	Phase 4
NCT00001091	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT00192660	Kirby Institute\|St Vincent´s Hospital, Sydney\|National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)	HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome\|Cardiovascular Disease	February 2003	Phase 4
NCT00000882	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT02211482	Fundación Huésped\|ViiV Healthcare	HIV-1 Infection	October 2014	Phase 4
NCT00091936	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections\|Tuberculosis	August 2009	Not Applicable
NCT00001068	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00197613	Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH)\|Princess Marina Hospital, Botswana\|Botswana Ministry of Health\|McGill University Health Centre+Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre\|Bristol-Myers Squibb	AIDS\|HIV Infection	December 2002	Phase 3
NCT01354652	Asan Medical Center	Lactic Acidosis	May 2011	Phase 4
NCT02150993	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases	HIV-2 Infection	January 26, 2016	Phase 2\|Phase 3
NCT00122538	French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis	HIV Infections\|AIDS	February 2006	Phase 2
NCT05295394	Pedro Cahn\|ViiV Healthcare\|Fundación Huésped	HIV-1 Infection	May 22, 2019	Phase 4
NCT00143689	University of British Columbia\|Abbott\|Boehringer Ingelheim\|CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network	HIV\|Mitochondrial Toxicity	April 2002	Phase 4
NCT00307151	International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group\|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections	December 2005	Phase 2
NCT00000891	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00005106	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	September 1999	Phase 4
NCT02116660	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	HIV Infections	September 3, 2014	Phase 2
NCT01013272	The University of Hong Kong	Hepatitis B, Chronic	June 2007	Not Applicable
NCT00002410	Dupont Merck\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00455585	Makerere University\|Department of Foreign Affairs, Ireland	HIV Infections	January 2007	Phase 4
NCT00002386	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections\|Hemophilia A		Phase 4
NCT00002376	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 4
NCT00002320	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT01848743	Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital.	Chronic HBV With Severe Exacerbation	April 2013	Phase 3
NCT00001119	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections	October 1999	Not Applicable
NCT00002367	Hoffmann-La Roche\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00000887	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections\|Pregnancy		Phase 1
NCT01088009	Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University\|Major Science and Technology Special Project of China Eleventh Five-year\|GlaxoSmithKline	Compensated Chronic Hepatitis B	March 2010	Phase 4
NCT01438424	Bristol-Myers Squibb	Hepatitis B Virus\|HBV	January 2001	Phase 2
NCT01352715	AIDS Clinical Trials Group\|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV-1 Infection	March 13, 2012	Phase 3
NCT00001457	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)\|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)	Chronic Hepatitis B\|Chronic Hepatitis D\|Glomerulonephritis\|Polyarteritis Nodosa	September 1995	Phase 2
NCT00002227	Dupont Merck\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT02527096	ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases\|ViiV Healthcare	HIV-1 Infection	September 17, 2015	Phase 2
NCT00637663	Pusan National University Hospital\|Yonsei University	Hepatitis B, Chronic	February 2008	Phase 4
NCT02831764	ViiV Healthcare\|GlaxoSmithKline	Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus\|HIV Infections	July 18, 2016	Phase 3
NCT00943540	Radboud University Medical Center	HIV Infection\|HIV Infections	July 2009	Phase 2
NCT02202473	Southeast University, China\|Cttq	Chronic Hepatitis B		Phase 4
NCT01620944	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV	July 31, 2012	Phase 3
NCT00000875	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00672412	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group\|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	HIV Infections	October 2008	Phase 1\|Phase 2
NCT00009061	Glaxo Wellcome\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections	November 2000	Phase 3
NCT00002379	Gilead Sciences\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00038220	Abbott	HIV Infections	July 2000	Phase 2
NCT01139203	Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine\|Zhejiang University	Liver Transplantation\|Hepatitis B	August 2009	Not Applicable
NCT00002179	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 4
NCT00002401	Pharmacia and Upjohn\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00000902	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT03360682	Fundacion Clinic per a la Recerca Biomédica	HIV-1-infection\|Solid Organ Transplant	April 12, 2018	Phase 4
NCT02652793	David Garcia Cinca\|Fundacion Clinic per a la Recerca Biomédica\|Hospital Clinic of Barcelona	Human Immunodeficiency Virus	July 2015	Not Applicable
NCT02598063	Hoffmann-La Roche	Hepatitis B, Chronic	October 2005	Phase 4
NCT01489046	Bristol-Myers Squibb	HIV-1 Infection	February 2011	Phase 2
NCT00342355	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)	HIV	January 2004	Phase 4
NCT00006617	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Glaxo Wellcome	HIV Infections		Not Applicable
NCT00002397	Hoffmann-La Roche\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections\|AIDS-Associated Nephropathy		Phase 3
NCT02403674	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)	June 5, 2015	Phase 3
NCT00605384	Bristol-Myers Squibb	Chronic Hepatitis B	August 2008	Phase 3
NCT03272347	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	HIV-1 Infection	November 27, 2017	Phase 2
NCT00000838	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT03236584	Uijeongbu St. Mary Hospital	Proportion of Patients With a Sustained Virological Response (Serum HBV DNA <20 IU+mL) at Week 48	September 1, 2015	Phase 3
NCT00275652	Mayo Clinic\|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	Hepatitis B\|Cirrhosis	June 2004	Phase 3
NCT00000899	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 1
NCT03988452	Makerere University\|Infectious Diseases Institute, Uganda	Human Immunodeficiency Virus	July 30, 2019	Phase 3
NCT00001087	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	HIV Infections		Phase 2
NCT00393484	Bristol-Myers Squibb	Chronic Hepatitis B	February 2007	Phase 4
NCT00476606	The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration\|Khon Kaen University	HIV Infections	March 2003
NCT00234091	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|Comprehensive International Program of Research on AIDS	HIV Infections	April 2006	Phase 3
NCT00002368	Boehringer Ingelheim\|NIH AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service	HIV Infections		Phase 3
NCT00002234	Gilead Sciences\|Bristol-Myers Squibb\|Glaxo Wellcome\|Dupont Applied Biosciences	HIV Infections		Phase 2

Appearance

Solid

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL ( 218.09 mM ; Need ultrasonic)

H ₂ O : ≥ 50 mg/mL ( 218.09 mM )

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	4.3619 mL	21.8093 mL	43.6186 mL
5 mM	0.8724 mL	4.3619 mL	8.7237 mL
10 mM	0.4362 mL	2.1809 mL	4.3619 mL

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent.

In Vivo:

1.

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 100 mg/mL (436.19 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
2.

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO >> 40% PEG300 >> 5% Tween-80 >> 45% saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.90 mM); Clear solution
3.

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO >> 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.90 mM); Clear solution
4.

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO >> 90% corn oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.90 mM); Clear solution

* All of the co-solvents are available by MCE.

References

[1] Colledge D, et al. Synergistic inhibition of hepadnaviral replication by lamivudine in combination with penciclovir in vitro. Hepatology. 1997 Jul;26(1):216-25.
[2] Olaniyan LW, et al. Lamivudine-Induced Liver Injury. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2015 Dec 15;3(4):545-50.
[3] Mdanda S, et al. Zidovudine and Lamivudine as Potential Agents to Combat HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder. Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2019 Oct;17(7):322-329.

Synonyms

2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[(2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-

2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-, (2R-cis)-

1,3-Oxathiolane, 2(1H)-pyrimidinone deriv.

4-Amino-1-[(2R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-2(1H)-pyrimidinone

(-)-BCH 189

GR 109714X

Lamivudine

BCH 189, (-)-

(-)-2′-Deoxy-3′-thiacytidine

β-L-3′-Thia-2′,3′-dideoxycytidine

Epivir

Zeffix

Heptovir

Epivir HBV

L-SddC

Zefix

Hepitec

β-L-2′,3′-Dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine

3TC

Lamivir

Heptodin

Virolam

2-Hydroxymethyl-5-(cytosin-1-yl)-1,3-oxathiolane

cis(-)-2-Hydroxymethyl-5-(cytosin-1-yl)-1,3-oxathiolane

Lamidine

29: PN: WO2016077321 SEQID: 29 claimed sequence

Hiviral

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